Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are traumatic experiences that occur before the age of 18 and are remembered throughout adulthood and can have negative consequences.
These experiences range from suffering verbal, mental, sexual and physical abuse, to being raised in a household where domestic violence, alcohol abuse, parental separation or drug abuse is present.
Source: http://www.wales.nhs.uk/sitesplus/888/page/88524
Code of Ethics
Community mapping
Community mapping is the process of developing local knowledge of an area in order to understand and identify:
- different communities in a neighbourhood
- what communities are currently engaged with the police locally
- opportunities and arrangements that already exist for engagement
Cost Benefit Tool
Crime and Disorder Act 1998, section 17(1)
Duty to consider crime and disorder implications.
- Without prejudice to any other obligation imposed on it, it shall be the duty of each authority to which this section applies to exercise its various functions with due regard to the likely effect of the exercise of those functions on, and the need to do all that it reasonably can to prevent,
- crime and disorder in its area (including anti-social and other behaviour adversely affecting the local environment); and
- the misuse of drugs, alcohol and other substances in its area; and
- re-offending in its area
Source: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/37/section/17
Crime Reduction Toolkit
Environmental Visual Audit
Used by the police together with local residents and partner agencies (such as local councils, schools, fire service) to identify problems in the area such as litter, graffiti, vandalism, and fly-tipping.
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5KusKnEJnFg
Frontline practitioners
Police
officers, police community support officers, police analysts, police specials
and other police staff and volunteers.
Hot spot policing
National Decision Model
Neighbourhood security interviews
Neighbourhood policing
The defining features of neighbourhood policing are:
- Police officers, staff and volunteers accessible to, responsible for and accountable to communities
- Community engagement that builds trust and develops a sophisticated understanding of community needs
- Collaborative problem-solving with communities supported by integrated working with private, public and voluntary sectors
Neighbourhood watch
Participatory budgeting
Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011, section 34
Engagement with local people
(1) A chief officer of police must make arrangements for obtaining the views of persons within each neighbourhood in the relevant police area about crime and disorder in that neighbourhood.
(2) A chief officer of police must make arrangements for providing persons within each neighbourhood in the relevant police area with information about policing in that neighbourhood (including information about how policing in that neighbourhood is aimed at dealing with crime and disorder there).
(3) Arrangements under this section must provide for, or include arrangements for, the holding in each neighbourhood of regular meetings between:
- persons within that neighbourhood, and
- police officers with responsibility for supervising or carrying out policing in that neighbourhood.
It is for a chief officer of police to determine what the neighbourhoods are in the relevant police area.
Source: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2011/13/section/34/enacted
Policing and Crime Reduction Research Map
POLKA
POLKA (the Police OnLine Knowledge Area) is a secure online collaboration tool for the policing community to network, ask questions, share insights, discuss ideas and suggest new ways of working.
Source:
https://polka.pnn.police.uk
Problem Analysis Triangle
The problem analysis triangle (sometimes referred to as the crime triangle) provides a way of thinking about recurring problems of crime and disorder. This idea assumes that crime or disorder results when (1) likely offenders and (2) suitable targets come together in (3) time and space, in the absence of capable guardians for that target.
Source: http://www.popcenter.org/about/?p=triangle
Problem profile
Problem specification
A
problem specification describes the problem and seeks to explain why the
problem might exist (by drawing out theories from the data). They are based on
multiple sources of information and should involve communities in describing
and defining the problem.
Procedural justice
Procedural justice describes police contact with colleagues, partners and the public that is fair and respectful. It involves:
• treating people fairly and with dignity and respect
• giving people a chance to express their views, listening and taking them into account
• making impartial decisions and explaining how they were reached
• being open and honest.
Rapid evidence assessment (REA)
REAs use transparent, structured and systematic processes to search for, sift and synthesise research on a particular topic. These processes seek to reduce bias and enable others to replicate the review. An REA is not an exhaustive summary of the literature, as limits are placed on the review process in order to deliver results 'rapidly'.
Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/rapid-evidence-assessments
Routine Activity Theory
The theory suggests that crime occurs when there is:
- A suitable target
- A lack of a capable guardian to prevent the crime from happening
- A motivated offender
These three elements have to come together at the same time and in the same place.
The theory forms the basis of the problem analysis triangle.
SARA model
Scanning
The
purpose is to look across a range of information sources to identify problems
and prioritise the most important for action.
Signal crime
Situational Crime Prevention
Super Output Area
Systematic review
Targeted foot patrol
10KV
10KV is a web-based debriefing tool for operational incidents. Participants use tablets to contribute anonymously to an online discussion, usually responding to a series of pre-set questions. All responses are recorded and analysed to understand any common themes or key issues raised.
THRIVE
Troubled Families Programme